Which signs are most consistent with peritonitis as opposed to a simple abdominal contusion?

• A. Rebound tenderness and guarding.
• B. Only mild tenderness without rebound.
• C. Localized tenderness without peritoneal signs.
• D. No tenderness.

Answer: (B)

Peritonitis is suggested by signs that indicate irritation of the abdominal lining. Guarding (tensing of the abdominal muscles) and rebound tenderness (pain upon releasing palpation) are classic peritoneal signs that reflect peritoneal irritation or inflammation.

In contrast, a simple abdominal contusion typically produces only mild pain at the injury site without these peritoneal signs. Therefore, rebound tenderness and guarding are the signs most consistent with peritonitis, not mild tenderness without rebound, localized tenderness without peritoneal signs, or no tenderness at all.